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Hypertension (increased pressure)

The increase in stress above the age norm is correct and can be called arterial hypertension.

If the stress increases frequently or for a long time and during the examination, the cause of it cannot be determined, then hypertension can be diagnosed.If a person suffers from any disease that causes increased stress (e.g., past brain trauma, kidney disease, etc.), then they talk about secondary arterial hypertension.However, in a collapse, all cases of increased stress are often called hypertension.

Hypertension is known as the "quiet killer" because it does not always have obvious symptoms, especially in the initial stages.It has been determined that the adult population with increased stress accounts for 20-30% of the adult population, although many people are unaware of their illness for a long time.If high blood pressure is not treated, the risk of heart attack or stroke is increased.The only way to understand the problem exists isBlood pressure measurement using an electronic channel meterMeasure blood pressure regularly.

Blood pressure is the force of blood pressure on blood vessels and the walls of the heart.Through high blood pressure, the blood pressure of the arteries and the heart become too high, which can lead to premature wear and tear of these organs and increase the risk of other diseases such as impaired renal function or impaired brain function.

Blood pressure is in millimeters of mercury (MM HG) and is fixed in two dimensions:

  • Fixed Pressure - Blood pressure when your heart decreases and pushes blood into the arteries;
  • Diastolic blood pressure - blood pressure when the myocardium is relaxed between contractions.

For example, if your doctor says your blood pressure is "140 x 90", it means your systolic blood pressure is 140 mm Hg.Art and diastolic blood pressure - 90 mm Hg.Art.

The optimal blood pressure in adults is considered to be less than 120/80 mm Hg.Art.However, the number within the specification is 139/89.If you have arterial hypertension based on several measurements, you need additional tests and may require treatment.

Symptoms of arterial hypertension (hypertension)

Increased blood pressure is not always accompanied by changes in the well.The only way to find out if you have high blood pressure is to measure your blood pressure.Adults should have blood pressure checked at least once every five years.

If you are pregnant, even if it is not high, it is important to keep checking your blood pressure.Observation of blood pressure during pregnancy reduces the risk of complications.Increased blood pressure in pregnant women can lead to preeclampsia.This is a dangerous condition where there is a problem with the placenta (the organ that provides blood circulation to the unborn child).

Sometimes, the symptoms of high stress are:

  • Headache;
  • darkened or doubled eyes;
  • bleeding from the nose;
  • Difficulty in breathing.

This sign appears in people with high pressure.If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your doctor.Without treatment, arterial hypertension can lead to serious illnesses, including strokes and heart attacks.If you notice any of these symptoms or increase stress, make an appointment with your therapist immediately.If the symptoms are obviously expressed, please call the ambulance.

Causes of hypertension (artery hypertension)

In more than 90% of cases, it is not possible to determine the cause of elevated blood pressure.High blood pressure is then called essential or major.Factors that may increase the risk of major hypertension include:

  • Age: The risk of hypertension increases with age;
  • In your family, there are cases of hypertension (the disease may be hereditary);
  • Too much salt in the diet;
  • Lack of physical exercise;
  • Integrity;
  • Smoking;
  • alcoholism;
  • pressure.

Known causes of hypertension

About 10% of cases of high pressure are the result of a disease or a specific cause.These cases are associated with secondary hypertension.In this case, typical causes of stress are:

  • Kidney disease;
  • diabetes;
  • narrowing of the arteries that supply the kidneys;
  • Hormonal diseases, such as Cushing’s syndrome (a disease in which the body produces too many steroid hormones);
  • Diseases that affect the body's connective tissue, such as systemic lupus erythematosus;
  • birth control pills (oral contraceptive pills);
  • Pain analgesics, known as non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS);
  • Club drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine and crystalline methamphetamine;
  • Some plant medicines, herbal additives.

Diagnosis of hypertension

To diagnose arterial hypertension and determine its possible causes, it is mainly resorted to systemic blood pressure measurements.This can be done by medical staff and independent household equipment to measure stress.

Healthy people over the age of 40 should measure their blood pressure at least once every five years.If you have an increased risk of hypertension, you should check your blood pressure more, ideally once a year.

In most clinics and hospitals, blood pressure checking is usually easy to do.Blood pressure is usually measured using a transmission gauge (pressure gauge), which consists of a stethoscope, cuff, measuring device, injected air and valves.

The cuff is wrapped around the shoulder and water is then pumped to limit the blood flowing into the arteries.Then, the air in the cuff starts to slowly while listening to the pulse with the stethoscope.Below the cuff, a pulse with lowered air allows you to get reliable data on blood pressure readings.Also, now is the common automatic (digital) communicator, which uses electrical sensors to measure pressure and pulses.

You should relax for at least five minutes and empty your bladder before taking your blood pressure measurement.In order to get the correct testimony of blood pressure, you need to sit down and not speak during the manipulation.

If you notice an elevated blood pressure, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have high blood pressure.During the day, blood pressure levels fluctuate.Due to anxiety and stress, stress may increase when taking your doctor.In these cases, it is recommended to use a home communicator to measure the pressure by yourself during the day.By excluding “fear of white robe” you can get more objective indicators.

You can also do blood and urine tests to check for diseases that increase the risk of hypertension, such as kidney disease.

Decrypted transmission meter readings

Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmrt.Art.) and fixed in two ranges:

  • Fixed Pressure - Blood pressure when your heart decreases and pushes blood into the arteries;
  • Diastolic blood pressure - blood pressure when the myocardium is relaxed between contractions.

For example, if your systolic pressure is 140 mm Hg.Art and diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg.Art, then they say your pressure is 140 x 90.

Ideally, the blood pressure should be less than 120/80.However, indications below 140/90 are generally considered normal.If you have kidney, diabetes or heart disease and circulatory disorders, your target blood pressure should be less than 130/80 mm Hg.Art.

If the stress index for a few days is above the mark of 140/90 - you need arterial hypertension and further examination is required.

High pressure treatment

Effective actions to lower blood pressure are changing lifestyles and medications.The choice of treatment options will depend on blood pressure levels and risk of cardiovascular disease.

If your blood pressure is slightly higher than 130/80 mm Hg.Art, meanwhile, the risk of cardiovascular disease in hypovascular disease, then you should only be able to reduce stress by making certain changes to your lifestyle.

If you have moderately high blood pressure (140/90 mmHg or higher) and may develop cardiovascular disease over the next 10 years, treatment will include medication and adjustments to your lifestyle.

If your blood pressure is high (180/110 mmHg or higher), you may need to do additional tests in the near future, depending on your health.

Arterial hypertension lifestyle

Here are some changes you can make to your lifestyle to relieve stress.Some of them will improve rapidly within a few weeks, while others will affect longer.

  • Reduce salt consumption to less than 6 grams per day.
  • Eat healthy, low-fat, balanced foods in ingredients, including many fresh fruits and vegetables.
  • Stay active: Keeping physical exercise is one of the key things to prevent or control high blood pressure.
  • Reduce alcohol consumption.
  • Refuse to smoke.Smoking greatly increases the likelihood of lung and heart disease.
  • lose weight.
  • Drink less coffee, tea or other caffeine drinks, such as cola.Using more than four cups of coffee a day can increase your blood pressure.
  • Try relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, and stress management (self-source training).

The healthier the healthy habits you will master, the more positive the effect it will produce.In fact, some people find that they usually need medication when maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Hypertensive medication

There are a variety of stress-reducing medications.You may need to take multiple medications, as sometimes treating high blood pressure requires a combination of several medications.

In some cases, you will need to bear the pressure you’ve been decreasing throughout your life.However, if your blood pressure levels remain under control for a few years, you will have a chance to stop medication.Most high-pressure medications may cause side effects, but this problem can be solved by replacing the medications taken.

Tell your doctor if there are the following common side effects of taking drugs:

  • The feeling of lethargy;
  • Kidney pain (in the lower back);
  • dry cough;
  • Dizzy, exhausted or lethargy;
  • Raised on the skin.

Here are the most widely used drugs for high pressure.

  1. Angiotensin-promoting enzyme (APF) inhibitorLower blood pressure and relax the walls of blood vessels.The most common side effect is a constant dry cough.If side effects start to disturb too much, drugs like angiotensin-2 receptor antagonists can recommend you, which works similar to those of ACE inhibitors.

    If ACE inhibitors are with other drugs (including - counter, drugs), it may cause unforeseen side effects.Before taking any other medications, consult your doctor about the negative effects that can cause them.

  2. Calcium channel blockers(Calcium antagonist) Prevent calcium from entering cells in the heart and blood vessel muscle tissue.This leads to dilation of the artery (large blood vessels) and a decrease in blood pressure.

    When taking certain types of calcium channel blockers, using grapefruit juice increases the risk of side effects.In more detail, you can discuss this with your doctor.

  3. Diuretics(Diretin) The effect is due to the excretion of excess liquid and salt in body fluids.

  4. beta blockers (Beta-Blockers)They work by reducing the frequency and intensity of heart contraction, thus lowering blood pressure.Previously, beta blockers were popular drugs with high pressure, but they are usually only used when other means do not have the desired effect.This is due to the fact that beta blockers are considered less efficient than other types of drugs to increase stress.

    Beta blockers can also affect the effects of other drugs, resulting in side effects.Consult your doctor before using other medications in combination with beta blockers.

    Do not stop using beta blockers suddenly without consulting your doctor.This can lead to serious side effects such as increased blood pressure or attacks from angina.

  5. Alpha blockers (alpha blockers)In general, they are not recommended as the preferred drug for lowering hypertension unless other drugs do not work correctly.Alpha blockers work by relaxing blood vessels, which greatly promotes blood flow therein.

    Common side effects of alpha blockers include:

    • fainted during the first dose of the drug ("first dose effect");
    • Dizziness;
    • Headache;
    • Swelling of ankles;
    • fatigue.

Complications of hypertension

Increased blood pressure puts additional load on your heart and blood vessels.If hypertension is not treated, it will increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes and kidney disease after a certain period of time.

Cardiovascular disease with hypertension

Hypertension can cause many different heart and blood vessels and blood vessels (cardiovascular diseases), including:

  • Stroke;
  • Myocardial infarction;
  • Embolia: It occurs when blood clots or bubbles block blood in blood vessels;
  • Aneurysm: When the wall of a blood vessel stretches and ruptures at any time, it develops, causing internal bleeding.

Kidney disease and increased stress

High blood pressure can also cause damage to small blood vessels in the kidneys and damage their function.This complication can cause symptoms such as:

  • fatigue;
  • Edema in the ankle, foot or hand (due to delayed water in the body);
  • Difficulty in breathing;
  • The presence of blood in urine;
  • Urinate frequently, especially at night;
  • Itchy skin.

Kidney diseases are treated with drugs and food additives.More severe cases require dialysis (a therapeutic procedure for artificial cleaning of toxic metabolites in the body) or kidney transplantation.

Prevent increased stress

Eating a healthy diet, maintaining a normal weight, performing physical exercise regularly, restricting alcohol and refusing to smoke can prevent the development of hypertension.

Smoking itself does not cause hypertension, but can significantly increase the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.Smoking, such as high blood pressure, can lead to arterial stenosis.If you smoke with high blood pressure, your arteries will narrow down faster and your risk of heart and lung disease will be greatly increased in the future.

High voltage power supply

Reduce the amount of salt in your diet and eat a lot of fruits and vegetables.Salt increases stress.The more salt you consume, the higher the stress.Try eating less than 6 g of salt per day, which is about one teaspoon.

As mentioned earlier, using low-fat and high-fiber foods (e.g. whole grain rice, bread and pasta) along with a large amount of fruits and vegetables can help lower blood pressure.Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals and fiber to support your body in a healthy state.Try to eat five servings of 80 grams of fruits and vegetables every day.

Over time, drinking alcohol regularly exceeds permitted regulations will cause your blood pressure to rise.It is not recommended for men to use more than 2-4 servings of alcohol regularly every day, while for women to use more than 2-3.Regular use means most of the day or the week.1 part of the alcohol corresponds approximately to a glass of vodka, half a glass of wine or half a glass of beer.

Similarly, since alcohol is high in calories, its regular use can lead to weight gain, and therefore, increased blood pressure.

If you drink more than four cups of coffee a day, this may lead to increased stress.If you are a big fan of coffee, tea, or other caffeine drinks such as Coca-Cola and some energy drinks, consider the possibility of reducing their consumption.This is great when you drink tea and coffee as part of a balanced diet, but it is important that this drink is not your only source of liquid.

Weight and physical exercise for high blood pressure

Excessive weight forces the heart to pump blood through the entire body more intensely, which usually causes your blood pressure to rise.If you do need to lose overweight, it is important to remember that even reducing weight by two to three kilograms will result in significant changes in blood pressure readings and improve your health.

An active lifestyle and regular exercise can lower blood pressure by keeping your heart and blood vessels in good condition.Regular exercise can also help you lose weight, which can also help you lower your blood pressure.

Spend at least 150 minutes per week (2 hours and 30 minutes) per week on moderate air intensity exercises (such as cycling or quick walking).When doing your practice, you should focus on the fact that you should feel warm and be slightly breathless.To achieve this state, a complete person may be enough on the mountain.Physical exercise can include a variety of exercises, from exercise to walking and working in the garden.

Relaxation exercise can lower blood pressure.They include:

  • Stress management (automatic training), meditation or yoga.
  • Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, focusing on how your thoughts and beliefs affect your well-being and your ability to cope with problems.You can discuss with your doctor about your chances of receiving this psychotherapy.
  • Biofeedback (a self-regulation method used to help you consciously regulate your blood pressure): On a small monitor, you will prove your heartbeat or blood pressure in real time.Your doctor can make a referral for biofeedback.

Which doctor can be exposed to hypertension?

If you are stressed, find a good therapist who can understand the cause of the disease and prescribe it.If you have a heart complaint or have chronic cardiovascular disease, choose a cardiologist.